Who is al uzza

This was in the context of a feisty exchange between two readers, one calling himself Pak Nugi or Kewus N en dar also Kewun Nendar, in either case a rather strange name, probably a nom de plume and a person who describes himself as a student of the government school in Surakarta, using his own pseudonym of Gunawan. The subject matter was words used in the Banyumas and Bagelen dialects of Javanese, not itself of interest to us here.

This exchange, and the Menak Cina reference above, suggest that Latawalujwa might appear in different religious contexts. But perhaps it was more the case that for literate Javanese — or at least for Pak Nugi alias Mas Kewus N en dar — the name was a mystery.

The Bramartani issue of 28 July contains the start of a serialised version of the Bayan Budiman myth, which is located clearly in an Islamic context, where Latawalujwa is mentioned as the divinity who has made something forbidden karam, Arabic haram. He denies that Islam is the true faith and says,. Those who call that true are those who are of that religion themselves, who are devoted to it.

But I call it not yet the truth and I am not yet devoted. I am devoted to the old religion, the Buda religion. The meaning of the Buda religion is the religion of budi. The meaning of budi is the being of Yang Latawaluja, who envelops my human body, who has the power to move the world.

The duty of humans is to be faithful to their budi , which is true, bright and clear. This is in the edition published c. Buning — but not, I believe, in the parallel section of the edition brought out by Tan Khoen Swie in Kediri.

The latter is thoroughly denounced in this source for his unprovoked destructiveness. Bonang says that he has attacked pre-Islamic statues in order to prevent people worshipping them in the heretical fashion of kapirs infidels. Therefore he is honoured, given offerings and incense. Prior to that reference is another part of the Sunan Bonang tale, where he angrily alters the course of the River Brantas and thereby does great harm to ordinary folk.

Here we encounter the word-play of the later 19th-early 20th centuries between Buda pre-Islamic religion and budi. The latter term is difficult to translate, but in general can be taken as a very positive concept which had to do with intellect, elevated culture and character, and striving.

The idea of an identity between Buda and budi was crucial among anti-Islamic Javanese of that era. It was a common idea among that group that modern, scientific European learning, represented most immediately by Dutch colonial educational initiatives, was budi and that was the key to the future. And because Buda and budi were really one, this was also the key to reviving a more authentically Javanese, pre-Islamic past.

Yet in , we saw Latawalujwa back in the Islamic context of the Bayan Budiman story in Bramartani. The text is entitled Menak Branta. It is a mythical account of events in the Middle East.

But the text itself is dated in both Javanese and Western dating systems to 22 September So it seems that we have a story from the later 19th century, here presented in a copy or version of the s. Latawaluja appears twice as a divine figure with the predicate Hyang.

In , in his Lokapala text, Sindusastra depicted Hyang Latawalujwa again as some sort of deity and seems to have thought that the name was of Arabic i. During battles it was common for women to chant the names of Al-Uzza and her spouse Hubal to spread courage to beat their enemies. Arabic tribes that lived near Mecca frequently prayed for al-Uzza and sacrificed animals for her human sacrifices were more rare. Banu Quraysh tribe worshiped al-Uzza as the goddess of war and before any battle women performed music and sang for the goddess.

This happened in the battle of Uhud which was the first battle where pagan arabs fought against the first muslims. Last temple of al-Uzza was established by chief Dubayyah ibn Haram as-Sulami who had a reputation of being kind and generous man. He was murdered by muslim war chief Khalid ibn al-Walid on whose orders all the temples and sacred trees of Al-Uzza were destroyed in AC.

Al-Uzza was also known as al-Zuhara and Kawkabta , these names refer to planet Venus, who was believed to be one of the incarnations of the goddess. When Venus was refered as the morning star, it was connected to a male deity called Athtar, who was separate from al-Uzza. For Arabs al-Uzza as the incartation of Venus was the protector of marriage. In Kanaan the goddess of war was called Anat, who was equavelent to al-Uzza. In Hebrew Anat was known as Uzza Hayyim the force of life.

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